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The orthodontic/endodontic interface part 4
From Volume 45, Issue 11, December 2018 | Pages 1024-1031
Article
More patients are undergoing orthodontic treatment and mild external root resorption is a common finding.1, 2 This is usually not clinically significant with a root length reduction commonly of 1−2 mm.3 Severe root resorption in which more than one quarter of the root length is lost has been reported in 3% of orthodontic patients.4 The greatest amount of resorption is seen in the anterior maxillary region, especially the maxillary lateral incisors.5 The most significant factors affecting root resorption appear to be the duration of orthodontic treatment and the distance that teeth are moved.6
As the stimulus to this process is the orthodontic forces and these are time-limited and finite, the extent of resorption is usually minimal and healing will follow. This is not regeneration but rather reformation of the cementum and periodontal ligament on a modified and invariably blunted root surface. Nonetheless, teeth with a history of trauma or deep restorations present with other risk factors for root resorption that may not be controlled by the cessation of orthodontic forces. As such, it is sensible to take peri-apical radiographs beforehand and apply more gentle forces in these high risk cases.
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