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The ability to successfully bond restorations to dentine is central to minimally invasive restorative dentistry. While dentine bonding agents have gone through a variety of ‘generations’, it is the purpose of this article to describe the latest clinical and laboratory research on universal adhesives. Results from the latest laboratory and clinical research indicates that universal adhesives are a step forward in the quest for the ultimate bond to tooth substance and ease of use of the adhesive. The wide variety of studies that indicates the effectiveness of universal adhesives are discussed, along with research that indicates that selective enamel etching is a beneficial procedure when using these materials.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: Universal adhesives appear to hold promise in the quest for a reliable bond to dentine.
Article
Dentine bonding agents play a central role in the sealing and retention (where necessary) of resin composite restorations, which are increasingly placed by dentists worldwide.1 Bonding to dentine is also central to the practice of minimally invasive dentistry, given that restorations, which may be bonded to tooth substance, do not require the macro-mechanical retentive features such as locks and keys that are a feature of (non-adhesive) dental amalgam or gold cavity preparations.2
A dentine adhesive should perform the following functions:3
It is the intention of this article to trace the history of dentine adhesives since that is relevant to the performance of the latest group of adhesives, the universal adhesives (UAs), and thereby to update readers on the progress of UAs since a previous Dental Update paper in 2017,4 and to compliment other Dental Update publications on the subject, which readers may wish to read as background, such as those by Green and Banerjee,2 and, Green et al.5
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