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A Review of Non-plaque-related Gingival Conditions. Part One: Genetic/Developmental Disorders, Specific Infections and Inflammatory and Immune Conditions
A Review of Non-plaque-related Gingival Conditions. Part One: Genetic/Developmental Disorders, Specific Infections and Inflammatory and Immune Conditions Melanie Simms Michael Lewis Dental Update 2024 48:3, 707-709.
Authors
MelanieSimms
BDS, MFDS RCPS(Glasg), PGCert (Dent Ed)
StR Oral Medicine, University Dental Hospital, Cardiff
The dental gingivae are a unique part of the oral anatomy and an integral part of the periodontal tissues. Although the vast majority of abnormalities affecting the gingival tissues are due to a simple inflammatory reaction directly related to the presence of dental plaque, a range of non-plaque-related conditions also occur due to either local or systemic factors. Such factors include developmental abnormalities, the presence of malignancy and manifestations of underlying systemic conditions. Recognition and diagnosis of non-plaque-related gingival disease is essential for comprehensive dental health care.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper provides a review of the spectrum of non-plaque-related conditions that can affect the dental gingivae.
Article
The dental gingivae are a unique part of the oral anatomy, forming an integral part of the periodontal structures. The majority of changes that affect the gingivae are directly due to the presence of dental plaque; however, the gingivae can also be affected by a wide range of non-plaque-related conditions, some of which are part of normal anatomy, and others that may represent sinister pathology or a manifestation of a systemic disorder. As part of a routine examination of the oral soft tissues, dental practitioners are likely to encounter non-plaque-related gingival conditions and should know how to appropriately manage them. Part one of this two-part review discusses genetic/developmental disorders, specific infections and inflammatory and immune conditions affecting the gingival tissues.
At the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions, an updated classification system for non-plaque-induced gingival diseases was introduced, categorizing these mucosal abnormalities by their aetiology (Table 1).1
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