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A review of non-plaque-related gingival conditions. Part Two: Reactive processes, potentially dysplastic and malignant neoplasms, and pigmented conditions
A review of non-plaque-related gingival conditions. Part Two: Reactive processes, potentially dysplastic and malignant neoplasms, and pigmented conditions Melanie Simms Michael Lewis Dental Update 2024 48:4, 707-709.
Authors
MelanieSimms
BDS, MFDS RCPS(Glasg), PGCert (Dent Ed)
StR Oral Medicine, University Dental Hospital, Cardiff
The dental gingivae are a unique part of the oral anatomy and an integral part of the periodontal tissues. Although the vast majority of abnormalities affecting the gingival tissues are due to a simple inflammatory reaction directly related to the presence of dental plaque, a range of non-plaque-related conditions also occur due to either local or systemic factors. Such factors include developmental abnormalities, the presence of malignancy and manifestations of underlying systemic conditions. Recognition and diagnosis of non-plaque-related gingival disease is essential for comprehensive dental health care.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper provides a review of the spectrum of non-plaque-related conditions that can affect the dental gingivae.
Article
Part two of this two-part review continues to discuss non-plaque-related conditions of the gingivae, looking specifically at reactive processes, potentially dysplastic and malignant neoplasms, and pigmented conditions. An updated classification system for non-plaque-induced gingival diseases was introduced at the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases. (Table 1).1
Fibrous epulis is a localized hyperplasia of the gingival tissues, often in response to local trauma or irritation, such as calculus or an overhanging restoration.2 The overlying epithelium is smooth and pink, with the bulk of the swelling being composed of fibrous tissue (Figure 1). The inter-dental papilla is the most frequently affected site.3 Fibrous epulides are often asymptomatic but may occasionally, if large, cause cosmetic problems. Diagnosis can be made on the history and clinical features. Local excision is required if there is any doubt in diagnosis or there is aesthetic concern.
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