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References

McCartan BE, Healy CM. The reported prevalence of oral lichen planus: a review and critique. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008; 37:447-453
Ingafou M, Leao JC, Porter SR, Scully C. Oral lichen planus: a retrospective study of 690 British patients. Oral Dis. 2006; 12:463-468
Eisen D. The clinical features, malignant potential, and systemic associations of oral lichen planus: a study of 723 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002; 46:207-214
Morankar R, Singh V. Unusual presentation of oral lichen planus without any cutaneous manifestation in a 5 year old child – a case report. J Scient Dent. 2016; 6:36-39
Andreasen JO. Oral lichen planus. 1. A clinical evaluation of 115 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1968; 25:31-42
Eisen D. The evaluation of cutaneous, genital, scalp, nail, esophageal, and ocular involvement in patients with oral lichen planus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999; 88:431-436
Eisen D, Carrozzo M, Bagan Sebastian JV, Thongprasom K. Number V Oral lichen planus: clinical features and management. Oral Dis. 2005; 11:338-349
Scully C, Carrozzo M. Oral mucosal disease: Lichen planus. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008; 46:15-21
Fernandez-Gonzalez F, Vazquez-Alvarez R, Reboiras-Lopez D, Gandara-Vila P, Garcia-Garcia A, Gandara-Rey JM. Histopathological findings in oral lichen planus and their correlation with the clinical manifestations. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011; 16:e641-646
Karatsaidis A, Schreurs O, Axell T, Helgeland K, Schenck K. Inhibition of the transforming growth factor-beta/Smad signaling pathway in the epithelium of oral lichen. J Invest Dermatol. 2003; 121:1283-1290
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Carbone M, Arduino PG, Carrozzo M, Gandolfo S, Argiolas MR, Bertolusso G Course of oral lichen planus: a retrospective study of 808 northern Italian patients. Oral Dis. 2009; 15:235-243
Alrashdan MS, Cirillo N, McCullough M. Oral lichen planus: a literature review and update. Arch Dermatol Res. 2016; 308:539-551
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Thornhill MH, Sankar V, Xu XJ, Barrett AW, High AS, Odell EW The role of histopathological characteristics in distinguishing amalgam-associated oral lichenoid reactions and oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med. 2006; 35:233-240
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Lichen Planus − the role of the general dental practitioner

From Volume 46, Issue 6, June 2019 | Pages 573-579

Authors

Basim ES Dawoud

MBChB, BDS, MFDS RCS(Ed)

Dentally Qualified Medical Student, University of Leeds Medical School (basim.d@gmail.com)

Articles by Basim ES Dawoud

Samira H Mohamed

BDS, MFDS RCS(Ed)

General Dental Practitioner, MyDentist 2, Manston Lane, Crossgates, Leeds, LS15 8HZ

Articles by Samira H Mohamed

Jonathan Wareing

BChD, MBChB, MFDS RCS(Ed)

Academic Foundation Doctor Bradford Teaching Hospitals, UK

Articles by Jonathan Wareing

Abstract

Oral lichen planus is frequently encountered in primary and secondary dental care. The soft tissues of the mouth should always be examined carefully at check-ups and any abnormality be palpated to detect change in consistency (induration) along with any changes in colour or general appearance. Such changes should prompt a referral for specialist review.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The general dental practitioner (GDP) can play a simple yet effective role in the management of lichen planus by removing obvious traumatic stimuli, improving oral hygiene and advising on simple topical treatment.

Article

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most frequently encountered mucous membrane conditions within the oral cavity. The overall age-standardized prevalence of the condition has been reported at 1.27% (0.96% in males and 1.57% in females).1 The condition usually manifests itself between the 3rd and 6th decade of life and affects women more than men.2 Nevertheless, OLP has been known to become apparent in the earlier age groups and has been reported in adolescents,3 and childhood OLP can present in patients as young as 5 years of age.4 Lichen planus is not restricted to the oral cavity, with dermatological manifestations being reported as high as 44%.5 Extra-oral distribution follows (in order of decreasing frequency) skin (shin and flexor surface of wrist), genital, nail and scalp.6 OLP is described as a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown origin.7

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