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A flipped classroom approach to teaching oral pathology using virtual microscopy – the glasgow experience

From Volume 44, Issue 8, September 2017 | Pages 724-730

Authors

Zayneb Makki

BDS, MSc, FHEA

Clinical University Teacher, Glasgow Dental School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ, UK

Articles by Zayneb Makki

Jeremy Bagg

Professor of Clinical Microbiology, Infection Research Group, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow.

Articles by Jeremy Bagg

Abstract

Abstract: This paper describes a student-centred, integrated teaching model in which oral pathology and oral medicine staff members jointly deliver tutorials in a combined online and face-to-face format. Students are provided with clinical and histopathological information, which they must review and use to answer questions via a Virtual Learning Environment before the tutorial takes place. By reviewing the students' answers online before the teaching session, staff can focus the tutorial itself on resolving knowledge gaps and afterwards post a set of gold standard answers online for students to reflect upon.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article illustrates a combination of teaching methods and modern technologies which integrate clinical with laboratory sciences and enhance the access of students to histopathological materials without the need for access to a traditional microscopy facility.

Article

Many of us will recall, as students, the horrors of undergraduate histology and histopathology practical classes. The frequent difficulties of identifying cell types and understanding tissue structures reflected, to a large extent, the lack of suitable educational tools for tutors faced with large classes of students who were supplied only with traditional microscopes and glass slides. Thankfully, technological advances have permitted dramatic improvements in the teaching of these subjects, particularly with the advent of virtual microscopy in which histological specimens are scanned to provide virtual slides that can be stored and shared over computer networks. These images can be viewed independently on any computer that has internet access and the user has the full functionality of a traditional microscope (movement around the slide and multiple magnifications) through the computer. Modern technologies ensure that virtual slides have a high resolution and they are resistant to damage or breakage. Other advantages include the removal of a need for access to a traditional microscopy suite, improving student access to histological materials and reducing maintenance costs for teaching institutions.

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