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Periodontal diseases in children and adolescents: a clinician's perspective part 1 Sujata Surendra Masamatti Ashish Kumar Mandeep Singh Virdi Dental Update 2024 39:8, 707-709.
Authors
Sujata SurendraMasamatti
MDS
Reader, Department of Periodontics, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Contrasting forms of periodontal disease can affect children and adolescents with varying prevalence, severity and extent, leading to a diverse prognosis in these age groups. For an early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal conditions in young patients, it is essential for the dental practitioner to be able to identify and classify the disease correctly at the earliest opportunity, applying basic principles along with understanding of aetiology and risk factors. The first part of this article discusses the classification, plaque-induced and non-plaque-induced gingival diseases, localized and generalized forms of chronic, as well as aggressive, periodontitis.
Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of different forms of periodontal diseases affecting children and adolescents may help to distinguish between different forms of diseases and have value in screening and early diagnosis of the disease.
Article
Diseases affecting the periodontium can be limited to the gingival tissues or can be associated with destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Periodontal disease may affect children and adolescents. There have been various attempts to classify periodontal diseases. Various classifications have been developed over a period of time.1,2,3,4 Problems associated with the 1989 classification3 led to a 1999 international workshop on the classification of periodontal diseases.4 A new classification system was proposed in 1999 and is presently the most accepted classification system of periodontal diseases (Table 1). Periodontal diseases are classified as:
In the new classification,4 a category of gingival diseases (plaque-induced and non-plaque-induced) was introduced. Gingival diseases were not represented in the 1989 classification. The term ‘adult periodontitis’ was changed to ‘chronic periodontitis’ and ‘early-onset periodontitis’ to ‘aggressive periodontitis’. These changes were made to eliminate the age-dependent criteria. Chronic periodontitis was considered a less age-dependent description than adult periodontitis. Early-onset periodontitis in the 1989 classification was further classified into:
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