From Volume 46, Issue 10, November 2019 | Pages 914-917
That the mouth and the body are not disconnected should come as no surprise. In this article, the links between periodontal and systemic health will be reviewed by investigating these in both directions, starting with the more familiar effects of systemic conditions on periodontal health and progressing to the emerging effects of periodontal health on systemic health. Where suitable, tips will be provided for practitioners caring for patients with periodontitis and systemic diseases.
In this article, the links between systemic health and periodontal health will be examined, in both directions, starting with the effects of systemic health/factors on periodontal health and then effects in the opposite direction. The scope of this review will be limited to periodontal diseases, not gingival diseases, even though there are systemic factors, like hormonal changes in pregnancy and puberty and genetic conditions, like hereditary gingival fibromatosis, that influence gingival health.1,2 Again, to limit the scope of this review, ‘systemic factors’ exclude factors like smoking, ageing, gender and attitudes to healthcare, which have a clear effect on periodontal health but where an effect in the other direction is conceptually unlikely, for example periodontitis is unlikely to have a causal influence on smoking. Similarly, to limit the scope of the review, discussions on the oral microbiome are also excluded from this review.
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