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Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm of skeletal muscle origin. Approximately 40% of cases of RMS are sited in the head and neck region and nearly 65% of cases are diagnosed in children less than six years of age. Treatment for RMS involves a multimodality approach including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. When children are exposed to such treatments there are often associated long-term adverse effect which may affect the patients' dento-alveolar growth and development. Three cases are described highlighting these adverse effects and the treatments used for oral rehabilitation.
CPD/Clinical Relevance: To inform readers of the long-term effects of rhabdomyosarcoma treatment on the dento-alveolar development.
Article
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm of skeletal muscle origin. It is reportedly the third most common extracranial solid tumour of childhood after Wilms' tumour and neuroblastoma.1,2,3,4 RMS is the most frequent soft tissue sarcoma encountered and accounts for approximately 6% of all malignancies in children under 15 years of age.3 Approximately 65% of cases are diagnosed in children younger than 6 years of age.2,5 There is a slight predilection for disease in males, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3–1.5.2
The most common site for RMS, accounting for approximately 40% of cases, is the head and neck region.1 RMS of the head and neck are anatomically divided into two categories:
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