References

Hodgkinson P, Brown S, Duncan D, Grant C, McNaughton A, Thomas P, Mattick R. Management of children with cleft lip and palate: a review describing the application of multidisciplinary team working in this condition based upon the experiences of regional cleft lip and palate centre in the United Kingdom.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2005
Mitchell L., 3rd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2013
London: Report of a Committee, The Stationery Office; 1998
Ravel D. Dental management of cleft lip and palate children. Paed Dent Hlth. 2008;
Wolford LM, Stevao E. Correction of jaw deformities in patients with cleft lip and palate. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2002; 15:(3)250-254

The long and winding road – the journey of a cleft lip and palate patient part 1

From Volume 40, Issue 10, December 2013 | Pages 791-798

Authors

Arun K Madahar

BDS, MFDS RCS(Edin), SHO

SHO Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, QMC Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH

Articles by Arun K Madahar

Alison Murray

BDS, MSc, MOrth RCS(Eng), FDS RCPS(Glasg)

Consultant Orthodontist, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby

Articles by Alison Murray

Robert Orr

BDS, MBChB, FDS RCS,

Consultant Maxillofacial Surgeon, Chesterfield Royal Hospital, Calow, Chesterfield, S44 5BL, UK

Articles by Robert Orr

Paul Jonathan Sandler

BDS(Hons), PhD, MSc, FDS RCPS, MOrth RCS

Consultant, Orthodontic Department, Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Royal Hospital, Chesterfield, UK.

Articles by Paul Jonathan Sandler

Abstract

Patients with a cleft lip and palate (CLP) deformity require the highest standard of care that can be provided and this requires multidisciplinary care from teams located in regional cleft centres.

Care of these cases is from birth to adulthood and requires several phases of intervention, corresponding to the stages of facial and dental development. Management ideally starts pre-natally, following the initial diagnosis, and occasionally pre-surgical appliances are prescribed. The lip is ideally repaired within three months, followed by palate closure between 12 and 18 months. Careful monitoring is required in the first few years and ENT referral, where necessary, will diagnose middle ear infection, which commonly affects CLP patients. Speech therapy is an integral part of the ongoing care. Excellent oral hygiene is essential and preventive dietary advice must be given and regularly reinforced. Orthodontic expansion is often needed at 9 years of age in preparation for a bone graft and, once the permanent dentition erupts, definitive orthodontic treatment will be required.

Maxillary forward growth may have been constrained by scarring from previous surgery, so orthognathic correction may be required on growth completion. Final orthodontic alignment and high quality restorative care will allow the patients to have a pleasing aesthetic result. CLP patients and their families will need continuing support from medical and dental consultants, specialist nurses, health visitors, speech and language specialists and, perhaps, psychologists. These two articles outline the principles of care for the CLP patient and, secondly, illustrate this with a case report, documenting one patient's journey from birth to 21 years of age.

Clinical Relevance: A successful outcome for CLP patients requires a sound dentition. The general dental practitioner role is vital to establish and maintain excellent oral hygiene, a healthy diet and good routine preventive and restorative care. Understanding the total needs of CLP patients can help the dentist to provide high quality care as part of the multidisciplinary management.

Article

In 1995, the Department of Health asked the Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG) to investigate cleft care provision in the UK and, following their extensive investigation, they published a number of important recommendations:

In the UK, there are currently 10 centres and each clinical team includes specialist orthodontists, plastic and maxillofacial surgeons, speech therapists, geneticists, paediatricians, anaesthetists and psychologists. Supporting the teams are staff to help with documentation, data collection and photography and the teams work to strict protocols of clinical evidence.

Concentrating this broad range of skills in ‘centres of excellence’ should produce optimal results. Teams should ideally treat a minimum of 50 patients per year, so that a sufficient number of cases is available for a meaningful audit and, ultimately, to develop better care for this extremely deserving group of patients.

Cleft lip and palate is the most common craniofacial malformation, accounting for 65% of head and neck anomalies. Two divisions exist:

Register now to continue reading

Thank you for visiting Dental Update and reading some of our resources. To read more, please register today. You’ll enjoy the following great benefits:

What's included

  • Up to 2 free articles per month
  • New content available