Immunology
The Immune System: Basis of so much Health and Disease: 9. Control of Inflammation and Immunity
Crispian ScullyThe cardinal features of inflammation are:.
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 8. antigens and MHC
Crispian ScullyAntigens (immunogens) are substances, usually proteins, that can be recognized by the body as foreign and can elicit an antibody response. Antigens are usually exogenous but may be endogenous...
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 7. antibodies
Crispian ScullyAntibodies are produced by activated B-lymphocytes (plasma cells) and react specifically with the antigen that stimulated their production; they make up approximately 20% of the plasma proteins....
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 6. cytokines
Crispian ScullyCytokines are produced by many cell populations, but the predominant producers are helper T-cells (Th) and macrophages. Some cytokines (eg type 1 interferons [IFN] and tumour necrosis factor [TNF])...
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 5. complement
Crispian ScullyNumbering of each component of the classical pathway of complement is from C1–C9. The sequence in which complement components are activated is C1, C4, C2, C3 and C5–C9 (since C4 was identified before,...
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 4. immunocytes
Crispian ScullyAntigen presenting cells are a heterogeneous group of immune cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens for recognition by T-cells. APCs are either:.
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 3. adaptive immunity
Crispian ScullyThe main cells that mediate adaptive immunity are white blood cells (leukocytes) termed immunocytes – mainly lymphocytes:.
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 2. innate immunity
Crispian ScullyInnate defences include basic mechanisms resisting infections; predominantly including:.
The immune system: basis of so much health and disease: 1. overview of immunity and the immune system
Crispian ScullyThe main primary organs of the immune system are lymphoid – the thymus and bone marrow (Figure 2) and secondary tissues such as spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, adenoids, skin and liver...