Crispian Scully
Bristol Dental Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
Mouth cancer for clinicians part 4: risk factors (traditional: alcohol, betel and others)
Nicholas KalavrezosAlcohol is a depressant. A small amount depresses anxiety and inhibitions and can make the user feel sociable and talkative; too much and a hangover may result, and the person may not even remember...
Mouth cancer for clinicians part 3: risk factors (traditional: tobacco)
Nicholas KalavrezosThe cause of cancer in most people is unclear but risk depends on a combination of genes, environment and aspects of living (Figure 2)..
11. Ulcers
Crispian ScullyOsteochondroma of the Mandibular Condyle: an Unusual Case of Dentofacial Asymmetry. Dent Update 2015; 42: 372. Figure 6 appeared upside down. See corrected Figure 6 below..
Mouth cancer for clinicians part 2: epidemiology
Nicholas KalavrezosOral and oropharyngeal cancers together are the sixth leading cancer in the world, with a wide geographical variation, although two-thirds of the cases occur in resource-poor countries, such as...
Mouth cancer for clinicians part 1: cancer
Nicholas KalavrezosThe word tumour in Latin means a swelling but a tumour or swelling is not always a cancer. Some tumours may be caused by inflammation, infections, cysts or fluid-filled lesions or be due to new...
9. Buccal and palatal soreness
Crispian Scully(c) Lupus erythematosus (LE) is the answer; LE, discoid or systematic, is an auto-immune disease which, although rarely affecting the mouth, shows single or multiple lesions with a white reticular...
8. lumps under tongue
Crispian Scully(a) Piercing. This is now quite commonplace but rarely seen in such a number. The placement in a fairly symmetric pattern is a giveaway (Figure 1). Some patients have the habit of inserting foreign...
Ebola: a very dangerous viral haemorrhagic fever
Crispian ScullyThe Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers (VHFs) are a diverse group of human and animal illnesses characterized by fever, bleeding disorders and often progression to shock and death. Some – notably Ebola, Lassa...
4. Diffuse brown discoloration of permanent dentition
Crispian Scullyc) Tetracycline staining is the cause here. Tetracycline given in pregnant mothers or in children <8 years old causes a diffuse discoloration in deciduous and permanent teeth, respectively, as it is...
3. Persistent lip swelling
Crispian Scully(c) Orofacial granulomatosis. The history and clinical findings are most consistent with a diagnosis of orofacial granulomatosis (OFG), of which the cheilitis is one part, or Crohn's disease. Chronic...