Biopsies of suspicious lesions are vital in the grading and staging of cancers, giving an indication of the type, prognosis and rate of spread of the lesion.4 This is generally more straightforward...

The pain associated with delivering an injection is complex and multi-factorial (depending on the dentist, the patient and the equipment used), and is not only caused by the procedure itself, but...

Despite many universities aiming to make all undergraduate (UG) dentists able to undertake routine exodontia, ability remains limited.2 A substantial number of extractions are required to enable...

Knowledge of the common risk factors for head and neck cancer can enable dental practitioners to consider the individualized risk levels of their patients and enable them to offer specific and...

Autologous blood products can be classified based on the methods used in their production, namely if they are derived with or without the use of an anti-coagulant, or whether they undergo one...

A 15-year-old African-Caribbean male patient presented, having been referred by his orthodontist regarding an unerupted upper left first premolar (UL4) to a joint orthodontic/oral surgery clinic. The...

A good understanding of anatomy is essential for interpreting the presenting signs and symptoms. The facial nerve, cranial nerve number VII, develops from the second pharyngeal arch and, as such,...

Distal cervical caries forms on the distal cervical area of the second molar in the region of the amelo-cemental junction (Figures 1 and 2). The unsuccessful eruption and subsequent partial eruption...

A fit and well 12-year-old boy presented to his GDP with a large palpable bony swelling on the buccal aspect of the right body of the mandible. The patient had been aware of the swelling for...

There are five questions that we should first address in critiquing existing LA practice and assess if there is need for improvement..

A 68-year-old female patient of Arabic descent had been referred by her GDP regarding an area of exposed bone in the mandible. She attended the Oral Surgery department in February 2017 with a one-year...

A literature search was performed to review all published case reports of bilateral dentigerous cysts. The databases Ovid EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane and search engine Google Scholar were...

Effective odontogenic pain management and post-operative pain management is fundamental to quality dental care. Conventional analgesics act by interrupting ascending nociceptive information or...

Radiological assessment of the maxillary sinuses requires a thorough examination, including the degree of aeration and alteration of the bony outlines of the maxillary sinuses. There are three key...

The aim of this study was to review critically published literature in the field regarding the effects of music on patient anxiety levels during surgical and dental procedures..