There are four indications:.

Although dimensional change of the alveolar ridge is unavoidable following extraction, the impact on subsequent restoration can be reduced if appropriate pre-operative assessment and management is...

A 58-year-old, fit and well male presented with fractured upper front teeth, which had occurred approximately one year previously. These were artificial teeth, as part of a bridge structure, which had...

This was a medically fit and well 62-year-old female patient. She was complaining of symptoms from the lower right side, ‘somewhere’ at the back of the mouth, with extreme sensitivity to cold and heat...

Recently, bruxism has been redefined as repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible.8 Bruxism occurs during sleep,...

Discoloration of teeth can be external or internal. External discoloration is due to an accumulation of staining media on the tooth surface or a developmental disturbance of enamel. Internal...

This article will not consider the different factors influencing the prognosis or recommended protocols related to performing the endodontic procedure, as this has already been extensively covered in...

The topic of occlusion is an area which may be confusing, however, this is an important issue which cannot be ignored. Pathological occlusal contacts can be associated with a wide range of clinical...

In the past, dentine-bonding agents were classified into generations.7 However, this means of identifying different groups of bonding agents fell into disarray because of the failure of authorities on...

As a result of the above, the teeth are often mobile and premature exfoliation is seen..

Radiation-induced caries describes the rapidly developing lesions that can appear after radiotherapy. Its distribution tends to be different from those carious lesions in the non-irradiated...

Dental ceramics have come a long way from the low-strength ceramics bonded with poor adhesives to modern day high strength ceramics with improved adhesive technology, which are able to be used in a...

Three siblings presented, one brother aged 17 years, and two sisters aged 18 and 14 years-old. The family had originated from Nazareth, a town in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. All three siblings...

A fit and healthy 24-year-old male presented for a routine dental check-up complaining of a ‘chipped’ lower left molar tooth. He had no other symptoms. The patient had a Class 3 skeletal base and...

There are many difficult paradoxes in dentistry generally, but phantom bite syndrome is riddled with them. For instance, if a diagnosis of phantom bite syndrome, or occlusal dysaesthesia...