The challenges in treating ETT are multifaceted, often arising from structural compromises owing to extensive caries, previous restorations, and necessary removal of tooth structure during treatment....

Understanding the aetiology of endodontic disease allows us to appreciate the aims of root canal treatment. Kakehashi et al undertook an experimental study, concluding that apical periodontitis did...

Each patient was presented with a provisional diagnosis of a cracked tooth (see Figures 1–5) and was keen to investigate the prognosis further before choosing between treating the tooth with root...

By incorporating advanced digital techniques along with continual research and technological progress, there is a potential to enhance and improve the diagnosis and treatment planning in endodontic...

Digital dentistry advances may help endodontists to diagnose the pathology, calibrate the size of the lesions accurately, help visualize and approach the lesion better by improving the ease of...

Root canal treatment is highly successful for managing peri-radicular pathologies related to an infected root canal system, with up to 96% of cases resolved with primary, non-surgical root canal...

A 13-year-old boy reported to the clinic with a chief complaint of fractured maxillary anterior teeth. His medical and family history was non-contributory. Extra-oral findings were unremarkable....

Figures 1–5 are examples of different clinical circumstances that were considered for root canal re-treatment. These patients were keen to treat the tooth infection and avoid extraction..

Where a decision is made to undertake non-surgical re-treatment, additional assessment is required. Case selection is essential to providing predictable treatment and obtaining informed consent, with...

There may several reasons for failure, which can be categorized as technical (procedural) errors, biological factors or others..

A 25-year-old female was referred to the clinic with the complaint of persistent pain in the right mandibular vestibule region. The patient's medical history revealed no significant findings..

The following patient was referred for an assessment of the restorability and suitability of the tooth for endodontic re-treatment. A medically fit and well female patient, aged 51 years, was referred...

The use of X-ray radiation to make images has been used in dentistry since 1896, and in endodontics since 1899. Its main uses have been as follows:
In the diagnosis of peri-radicular disease often...

An 18-year-old fit and well male presented to an orthodontic specialist practice 3 years following completion of his orthodontic treatment. He complained of swelling associated with his maxillary left...

The literature contains significant references to persistent altered inferior dental nerve sensation resulting from the administration of local anaesthesia, particularly by IDN block techniques.5,6...